What is RSV?
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is more than just a “cold.” It is an extremely common illness that causes infections of the respiratory system, including the nose, throat and lungs. It is spread from person to person and is highly CONTAGIOUS. When people with RSV sneeze, cough, etc., they release droplets containing the virus into the air. If another person comes in contact with the droplets, he/she can become infected with the virus.
In older children and adults, we may not show any signs of RSV. In premature infants who are less than 6 months of age, or babies born with heart defects, lung problems, or weakened immune systems, RSV can be life threatening and may lead to death if left untreated. In other words, babies—especially preemies—are at the highest risk of contracting RSV.
What are the symptoms of RSV?
Unfortunately, RSV presents like the common cold. Initially, you will see…
Congestion
Runny nose
Sore throat
Dry cough
However, as the disease progresses, you will see…
High fever
Severe cough
Brief cessations of breathing (apnea)
Bluish lips or fingertips
Poor oxygenation
Wheezing
Difficulty breathing
Rapid breathing (tachypnea)
Retractions and use of accessory muscles
Gasping for breath
Decreased activity and lethargy
Little-to-no appetite
Irritability or fussiness
Limited interest in eating
If you suspect your baby has RSV, call your doctor IMMEDIATELY to seek emergency treatment! He/she will request a chest x-ray, nasal swab, blood work, and will listen to your baby’s lungs in order to diagnose RSV. Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment plan, just symptom management. Whenever I float to Peds ICU, I cannot tell you how common it is for me to be assigned to an RSV+ baby. And 9 times out of 10, that baby was a former NICU baby who got sick once he/she left the “sterile” NICU environment!
Can RSV be prevented?
A prescription medication called Synagis can help prevent RSV in high risk infants. This is a monthly injection given throughout RSV season (October-May) to help protect your baby. Check with your doctor to see if he/she is eligible to receive this medication. Other ways you can keep your baby safe include:
Washing your hands often
Avoiding crowds and sick people
Clean and disinfect toys & surfaces touched by your baby
Not letting anyone smoke near your baby